A 3 D model of the wudu' (ablution) water machine constructed from Banu Musa's manuscripts.

Figure 1: Front cover of the book Pathfinders: The Golden Age of Arabic Science by Jim Al-Khalili, Allen Lane, 2010.

Figure 1. Folio 2r of al-Hassâr's Kitâb al-Bayân bearing at the bottom both the Western and the Eastern Arabic forms of the nine numerals. Source: http://dewey.library.upenn.edu/sceti/ljs/PageLevel/index.cfm?ManID=ljs293&Page=3.

Figure 1. Taqi al-Din ibn Ma'ruf, the director of Istanbul Observatory in late 16th century. He's one of the two senior astronomers (wearing largest turbans) standing behind the table, one holding an astrolabe (Image from www.muslimheritage.com).

Figure 1a-b: Two views from Kitab al-filaha of Ibn al-Awwâm: (a) manuscript page (Source) and front cover of the edition and Spanish translation by Joseph Antonio Banqueri (Madrid: Imprenta Real, 1802). (Source). The Kitab al-Filahah al-Andalusiyah (The Book of Andalusian Agriculture) by Abu Zakariya Yahya ibn Muhammad ibn al-Awwam al-Ishbili (d. 1185) consists of 35 chapters dealing with agronomy, cattle and poultry raising, and beekeeping. It deals with 585 plants; explains the cultivation of more than 50 fruit trees; and includes many valuable observations on soils, manures, plant grafting, and plant diseases.